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Artificial Intelligence Act (EU Law)
The Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act)[a] is a European Union regulation concerning artificial intelligence (AI). It establishes a common regulatory and legal framework for AI in the European Union (EU).[1] Proposed by the European Commission on 21 April 2021,[2] and then passed in the European Parliament on 13 March 2024,[3] it was unanimously approved by the Council of the European Union on 21 May 2024.[4] The Act creates a European Artificial Intelligence Board to promote national cooperation and ensure compliance with the regulation.[5] Like the EU's General Data Protection Regulation, the Act can apply extraterritorially to providers from outside the EU, if they have users within the EU.[6] It covers all types of AI in a broad range of sectors; exceptions include AI systems used solely for military, national security, research and non-professional purposes.[7] As a piece of product regulation, it would not confer rights on individuals, but would regulate the providers of AI systems and entities using AI in a professional context.[6] The draft Act was revised following the rise in popularity of generative AI systems, such as ChatGPT, whose general-purpose capabilities did not fit the main framework.[8] More restrictive regulations are planned for powerful generative AI systems with systemic impact.[9] The Act classifies AI applications by their risk of causing harm.
Concerns have also been raised by legal scholars surrounding the issue of whether deepfakes used to spread political misinformation or create non-consensual intimate imagery should be considered high-risk AI systems, potentially leading to stricter regulation. La Quadrature du Net(LQDN) described the AI Act as "tailor-made for the tech industry, European police forces as well as other large bureaucracies eager to automate social control". Retrieved 6 January 2024.^ With the AI Act adopted, the techno-solutionist gold-rush can continue, La Quadrature du Net, 22 May 2024, Wikidata Q126064181, archived from the original on 23 May 2024^ Mantelero, Alessandro (2022), Beyond Data.
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