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Breaking the Sound Barrier Part I: Fuzzing CoreAudio with Mach Messages


Guest post by Dillon Franke, Senior Security Engineer ,  20% time on Project Zero Every second, highly-privileged MacOS system daemons...

I’ll detail how I used a custom fuzzing harness, dynamic instrumentation, and plenty of debugging/static analysis to identify a high-risk type confusion vulnerability in the coreaudiod system daemon. A bit of research showed me that as of MacOS Big Sur, most framework binaries are not stored on disk but within the dyld shared cache, a mechanism for pre-linking libraries to allow applications to run faster. After many fuzzing harness iterations, lldb “next instruction” commands, and hours spent overheating my MacBook Pro, I had finally begun to acquire an understanding of the CoreAudio framework and generate some meaningful crashes.

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