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Designing a low-cost high-performance 10 MHz – 15 GHz vector network analyzer
Designing a cheap two-port vector network analyzer with good measurement accuracy.
High end VNAs that operate at millimeter-wave frequencies can cost several hundred thousand dollars, and even affordable lower-frequency devices are expensive. When considering a large scale production the couplers are especially tricky as they require manually cutting a coaxial cable, inserting ferrite beads into it, and the soldering it to the PCB. The thru standard is usually not known with high accuracy in low-cost VNAs, and a four-receiver VNA capable of measuring switch terms is required for these more advanced calibration methods.
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