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Ganjifa

Ganjifa, Ganjapa or Gânjaphâ,[1] is a card game and type of playing cards that are most associated with Persia and India. After Ganjifa cards fell out of use in Iran before the twentieth century, India became the last country to produce them.[2] The form prevalent in Odisha is Ganjapa.

The suits were horses, elephants, foot soldiers, forts, treasures, warriors in armour, boats, women, divinities, genii, wild beasts, and snakes. The titles are written using the Arabic alphabet.^ Article from the Brooklyn Museum website, consulted 15/11/2014 "As nas became popular under the Qajars and continued to be played until the end of World War II, when it lost favor to games such as poker, rummy, and bridge.". The book 'Tarot, Jeu et Magie' points to two literary sources that mention this feature, from the 18th and 19th centuries (1984:122-124)(link, text in French, http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6532698n).^ These are the rules given by Shrikrisna Maudranalay, and also those in the account by Chatto (1848: 42)^ Hukm (or Hokm) is the name of a card game played in modern Iran.

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