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How Container Filesystem Works: Building a Docker-Like Container from Scratch
Learn how Linux containers are built from the ground up. Starting with the mount namespace and a root filesystem, see why PID, cgroup, UTS, and network namespaces naturally follow - and how this foundation makes concepts like bind mounts, volumes, and persistence in Docker or Kubernetes much easier to grasp.
💡 From a layman's standpoint, pivot_root is a safer version of chroot- similar effect but no risk of breakouts via forgotten symlinks to the old root filesystem or the double-chroot trick. While Docker docs position volumes as a distinct concept, under the hood, they are just bind mounts, but with a few extra features like naming, lifecycle management, and various data source drivers support: Once you start assembling a root filesystem for a container, it quickly becomes clear that other namespaces - PID, cgroup, UTS, and network- are interconnected and much needed to complete the task.
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