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Integrated photonic source of Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill qubits
An ultra-low-loss integrated photonic chip fabricated on a customized multilayer silicon nitride 300-mm wafer platform, coupled over fibre with high-efficiency photon number resolving detectors, is used to generate Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill qubit states.
Photonic architectures for quantum computing share a common challenge: converting the classical light provided by conventional sources such as lasers into non-classical resource states that accommodate digital qubit encodings and convenient logical gate operations. Thus, we use photonic integrated circuits manufactured on a customized silicon nitride 300-mm wafer platform using a fabrication process that was specially optimized for low optical loss, the most critical physical imperfection for these systems, while preserving the nonlinearity needed for non-classical light generation. This convergence of advances in chip fabrication and detection, combined with techniques for rigorous optimization of programmed circuit parameters for state synthesis, produces a source of GKP qubits that we show is directly connected (after further necessary improvements in optical losses) to a device compatible with fault-tolerant operation.
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