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MakeShift: Security Analysis of Shimano Di2 Wireless Gear Shifting in Bicycles
bighomi, Northeastern University; Earlence Fernandes, UC San Diego; Aanjhan Ranganathan, Northeastern University The bicycle industry is increasingly adopting wireless gear-shifting technology for its advantages in performance and design. In this paper, we explore the security of these systems, focusing on Shimano's Di2 technology, a market leader in the space.
@inproceedings {298963, author = {Maryam Motallebighomi and Earlence Fernandes and Aanjhan Ranganathan}, title = {{MakeShift}: Security Analysis of Shimano Di2 Wireless Gear Shifting in Bicycles}, booktitle = {18th USENIX WOOT Conference on Offensive Technologies (WOOT 24)}, year = {2024}, isbn = {978-1-939133-43-4}, address = {Philadelphia, PA}, pages = {75--88}, url = {https://www.usenix.org/conference/woot24/presentation/motallebighomi}, publisher = {USENIX Association}, month = aug } We also demonstrate the feasibility of targeted jamming attacks that disable gear shifting for a specific bike, meaning they are finely tuned to not affect neighboring systems. Finally, we propose countermeasures and discuss their broader implications with the goal of improving wireless communication security in cycling equipment.
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