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Mathematicians uncover a new way to count prime numbers
To make progress on one of number theory’s most elementary questions, two mathematicians turned to an unlikely source.
Mehtaab Sawhney realized, to his surprise, that work he’d done earlier this year was key to resolving a major, seemingly unrelated problem in number theory. Tamar Ziegler’s seminal work on prime numbers allowed researchers to port a mathematical technique called a Gowers norm into a new field. But using a landmark result proved in 2018 by the mathematicians Terence Tao and Tamar Ziegler, Green and Sawhney found a way to make the connection between Gowers norms and Type I and II sums.
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