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Software Friction
In his book On War, Clausewitz defines friction as the difference between military theory and reality: Thus, then, in strategy everything is very simple, but not on that account very easy. Everything is very simple in war, but the simplest thing is difficult. These difficulties accumulate and produce a friction, which no man can imagine exactly who has not seen war. As an instance of [friction], take the weather.
For example, writing formal specifications can expose problems in the design or turn unknown-unknowns into known-unknowns(which you can then study into more detail). Also, if the automation runs long enough people will forget how it works or the full scope of what it does, leaving everyone completely unprepared for if it breaks. In it they argue that there’s two purpose to wargaming: gathering information on how situations can develop, and giving commanders (some) experience in a safe environment.
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