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The Mysterious Flow of Fluid in the Brain


A popular hypothesis for how the brain clears molecular waste, which may help explain why sleep feels refreshing, is a subject of debate.

A team at the University of Rochester led by the neurologist Maiken Nedergaard asked whether the slow pumping of the brain’s blood vessels might be able to push the fluid around, among, and in some cases through cells, to potentially drive a system of drainage. Nedergaard, along with the neurologist Jeffrey Iliff, then a postdoc in her lab, and their colleagues, injected a tracer into cerebrospinal fluid and watched it quickly arrive elsewhere. Research led by Natalie Haugland suggests that pulses of norepinephrine help pump cerebrospinal fluid through the brain during non-REM sleep.

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