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The sisters “paradox” – counter-intuitive probability
The sisters paradox in probability theory
The underlying method to solve this problem is to use something called the 'sample space' which is the set of all possible outcomes of a trial. Randomly create a large number of two-children families with the sample space {Boy-Boy}, {Boy-Girl}, {Girl-Boy}, {Girl-Girl} and probabilities 1/4, 1/4, 1/4, and 1/4. This might seem abstract, but I've seen variations of this problem pop up in business and I've had difficult conversations with non-technical people as a result.
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