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Will Amazon S3 Vectors kill vector databases or save them?


AWS S3 Vectors aims for 90% cost savings for vector storage. But will it kill vectordbs like Milvus? A deep dive into costs, limits, and the future of tiered storage.

Instead of keeping every vector in expensive memory or fast disk, workloads will naturally spread across hot, warm, and cold tiers based on how often it’s accessed and what kind of latency the application can tolerate. At Zilliz, we’ve pushed Milvus forward in step with those needs, shipping capabilities like BM25 + vector hybrid search, multi-tenant isolation, , and MinHash deduplication, along with a long list of developer-focused improvements. Its low cost makes it especially attractive for scenarios that were previously priced out: small teams building RAG apps, individual developers experimenting, or organizations indexing massive datasets with only basic retrieval needs.

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